The BARYONS series of international conferences started in 1970 at Duke University, and since then it has been held roughly every three years in important cities around the world. Following the successful conferences in Osaka, Japan in 2010 and Glasgow, Scotland in 2013, the next in the series will be held in 2016 in Tallahassee, Florida. The conference will highlight the physics of baryons and related subjects in particle, nuclear, and astrophysics. The main issues to be discussed are our understanding of the structure and reactions of baryons from the fundamental theory of the strong interaction, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). In particular, the highly non-perturbative phenomena of quark confinement, mass generation, and spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry will be addressed. Recent developments of new and forthcoming facilities in the world will also be showcased. We strongly encourage the participation of young scientists, including students and postdocs.